Present perfect and simple past

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The simple simple past is used if something happend in the past and ended.

The present perfect is used if something happend in the past and continues until now.

-Simple past is build of a regular infinitiv verb with -ed.

For example: Daniel never liked math.
             Steffen played football last week.

-Simple past with irregular verbs is builded with the secound line.

For example: Ayla never went to the shopping center.
             Rania put a glass on the table.

-Present perfect is build of has/had with the infinitiv form of a verb and -ed or with the third line.

For example: Carl has not learned since yesterday. 
             Elena has written a diary entry since last year.

-yesterday -last monday/year/week/... -one hour ago -in 2000

-since -for